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Posts Tagged ‘Medicine’

Endometriosis is a common disease (there are more than 1 million cases in the U.S. alone), which can affect any woman of childbearing age, since the first menstruation or menarche to menopause, but sometimes lasts until after the menopause.

The disease impairs quality of life of women with the disease, their relationships, family and even work. His symptoms characterizing mainly by what is known as the three Ds: Dysmenorrheal,
dyspareunia (painful intercourse) and more commonly, pelvic pain, especially in the lower abdomen, in the lower back and pelvis itself. There may also be hyper menorrhea or very abundant menstrual bleeding and even inter-menstrual.

For these women at once becomes difficult or impossible to become pregnant, and often have intestinal disorders including diarrhea, constipation, painful bowel movements or cramps. And feel tired.

Achieving determine the diagnosis for endometriosis is difficult, hence the need to perform one or more tests, including a pelvic ultrasound or MRI. Laparoscopy may be necessary to review the bodies inside and view any or entopic endometrial tissue outside the uterus. Laparoscopy shows the location and extent of endometrial lesions, which are then biopsies. Read the rest of this entry »

The main causes are a drop in estrogen levels in women during menopause and decreased testosterone in men. Women, especially those over 50, get osteoporosis more often than men.

Researchers estimate that about 20% of American women over age 50 have osteoporosis and 30% have osteopenia (low bone density abnormal) that may eventually lead to osteoporosis if not treated. From these figures, researchers estimate that 50% of women over age 50 will suffer a hip fracture, wrist, or vertebra (bones of the spine).

White women, especially those with a family history of osteoporosis, have a higher than average risk of developing the disease. Also, are identified as risk factors: cigarette smoking, the eating disorders, low body weight, low calcium diet, high alcohol consumption, early menopause, absence of menstrual periods (amenorrhea) and the use of certain medications such as steroids and anticonvulsants.

The treatment of all types of osteoporosis include calcium supplements and vitamin D, an exercise program appropriate for the patient, change in lifestyle to reduce risk factors and medications.

Medicines.

* Bisphosphonates: alendronate, risedronate, ibandronate
* Hormone replacement therapy: estrogen, estrogen-gestagen
* Tibolone
* Raloxifene
* Calcitonin
* Vitamin D, Vitamin D3 activates

Choosing a drug requires the patient characteristics, disease and our goals in the management of this disease. We can say that based on evidence based medicine there are some recommendations.

Bisphosphonates: These are first-line medicine in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis prevention and treatment of steroid-induced osteoporosis and osteoporosis in men. Read the rest of this entry »

An announcement from the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), United States, proposed the “Genetic Studies Program and Nutrition”, which aims to prepare researchers to be introduced in all aspects of obesity and diabetes.

Simin Liu, co-director of the program and professor of epidemiology and medicine at UCLA, said the academic project “includes aspects ranging from chemical biology to population analysis, thus give a broad and deep understanding of epidemics.

One reason that the initiative argues, is that obesity and diabetes – as a consequence of the first – is having a high incidence of most cardiovascular events, which have increased four times a diabetic cases.

Therefore, Liu believes that if these trends continue, the children born in the United States early this century, unless your parents live.

The program uses a holistic approach to the discipline of molecular epidemiology and field of metabolic diseases, and its mission is to get the best number of scientists, researchers and laboratory population to make a comprehensive study on the impact of genes and their interactions with behavior, nutrition and environment in disease epidemics.

Moreover, a recent study by UCLA documented that 21% of California teenagers, whose families are low income, are obese and unhealthy eating habits. Read the rest of this entry »

A note of Europe Press, mentions that a study by Cancer Center at Stony Brook University published in the online edition of the journal Lancet Oncology ‘stresses that the cancer doubles the risk of bowel perforation.

The perforation in the stomach or intestines caused the death of more than 20 percent of cancer patients taking the medicine study and was more common in those suffering from advanced colorectal cancer and renal cancer.

Bevacizumab belongs to a class of medicine called angiogenesis inhibitors that slow the growth of tumors by cutting off its blood supply.

The medicine is beneficial in the treatment of many cancers including colorectal, renal cell cancer non-small cell lung and breast.

The researchers, led by Wu Shenshong, conducted a meta-analysis of 17 trials in which 12,294 involved patients with a variety of solid tumors to evaluate the role of bevacizumab in gastrointestinal perforation. The authors also examined whether the dose or have a specific type of cancer is associated with increased risk of perforation of the stomach or intestines.

The findings showed that the incidence of gastrointestinal perforation was 0.9 percent with a risk two times greater in patients receiving the medicine compared with controls, and a mortality of 21.7 percent in those who developed the perforation. The probability of occurrence of the disorder depended on the dose. Thus, smaller amounts of bavacizumab increased the risk of gastrointestinal perforation in 61 per cent (2.5 mg / kg per week) and increased by 167 percent (5 mg / kg per week).